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Volume 3 (1); April 30, 2014
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Article Information /Abstract |
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Original Research, C1 SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE PATTERNS IN THE TURKMEN NATIVE HOUSING, IRAN Hosna Varmaghani ABSTRACT:Various guidelines that can response different Climatic, cultural and social human needs have been created by sustainable design between environment and building throughout history. Turkmen native houses in north eastern of Iran (Turkmensahra region) have architectural values and urban planning identity. The research subject is formation and layout of residential patterns and constructing technique taking effect of lifestyle and native culture. The results of this research can provide suitable field for using in Turkmen contemporary housing design and planning for development or rebuilding residential contexts. For this purpose, many case studies of Turkmen native houses have been analyzed with respect to physical and spatial values. Paper results include various scales from house, district to town layouts. In this paper, a sustainable relationship between culture, environment and economy existed in life and housing architecture of Turkmen society has been investigated. KEY WORDS: Native Architecture, Sustainable Architecture, Turkmens, Housing |
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Original Research, C2 Rahravipoodeh S, Momayez S, Purya-ye-vali A H J Art Arch Stud, 3(1): 07-14, 2014 ABSTRACT: Formation as well as development history of Esfahan shows strict parallels with social contexts in most periods. An investigation of urban Sustainable development issues from social viewpoints as well as a study of urban architectural features of the historical city of Esfahan reveals many common indicators. Therefore recognizing these principles and sustainable features from social attitudes in Esfahan urbanization process and in the so called Zayandehrud historical- natural zone / landscape provide us with theoretical as well as practical approaches towards the city's social sustainable development and towards recovering its (historical) identity in contemporary times. It turns out that the genesis of the city as well as the historical – natural zone of Zayandehrud has been accommodated with some social contexts. This paper aims to recognize these principles and social sustainable features in Esfahan and in the historical – natural zone of Zayandehrud. Data have been gathered through library methods to be analyzed later by the qualitative ones. They are followed by comparative studies of the city's features with respect to urban principles and social sustainable developments, and finally, the corresponding principles are being recognized from social viewpoints. Among these social sustainable features, anthropocentric and citizen- centered policies, social justice and prosperity, as well as social collaborations and interactions have been "discovered", recognized and explained. KEY WORDS: Esfahan, Recognizing, Sustainable Development, Zayandehrud Historical-Natural Zone/Landscape |
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Original Research, C3 TO FIT URBAN SPACES WITH AN EMPHASIS ON THE NEEDS OF LESS-ABLE INDIVIDUALS (CASE STUDY: THE SIDEWALK OF ZAND STREET OF SHIRAZ) Daverinezad M, Rahnama M J Art Arch Stud, 3(1): 15-20, 2014 ABSTRACT: Disablement, as a social and biological phenomenon, is a reality that apart from the rate of development, both industrial and non-industrial countries confront it. To assess public places considering the needs of the disabled people and self- sacrificing individuals and to program it is an essential requirement for every society especially for our country which has faced a large group of the disabled and self-sacrificing persons after the imposed war. To fit urban spaces for physically disabled people and passers-by is supposed to be one of the centered- justice approaches in contemporary planning and urban management. Many public places, although, such as pathways, parks, and urban centers in the majority of Iran’s cities like Shiraz have the problem of places being unfit for the disabled people and passers-by. In doing so, this paper aims at assessing and studying this problem for the disabled, self-sacrificing and less- able individuals in Zand Street of Shiraz to pass and presenting guidelines to fit these places. The methodology of carrying out this research in the light of research purpose and from the viewpoint of research structure is functional and descriptive- analytical, respectively carried out through surveying method in one of the central streets of Shiraz (Zand Street). KEYWORDS: To Fit Spaces, The Disabled People, Sidewalk, Zand Street of Shiraz. |
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Original Research, C4 ANALYZING SUSTAINABILITY OF RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBORHOODS; (CASE STUDY: JAHEDSHAHR NEIGHBORHOOD Of MASHHAD) Eghbali N, Malekabadi S I J Art Arch Stud, 3(1): 21-28, 2014 ABSTRACT: Neighbourhood is a familiar sign for all citizens because they feel close to it. Concept of neighbourhood as a place for living has a historical background. According to a historical definition, neighbourhood is defined as different urban units which include different social classes or urban regions with business or official boundaries that cover a range of social groups. In today's urban society, in order to reach sustainable urban development, neighbourhoods are considered the most fundamental urban elements and an intermediate ring between city and citizens. Since a long time ago, cities' neighbourhoods have had a special stance in the formation and organization of urban affairs. By providing its required daily services and creating neighbourhood symbols and specific characteristics, each neighbourhood causes its inhabitants to have sense of attachment and identity so that each citizen is identified by the neighbourhood in which s/he is living. Therefore, sustainability of residential neighbourhoods is an important factor in urban sustainability. Using a descriptive-analytical method and document and field data collection techniques, the current study aimed to investigate sustainability of Jahedshahr residential neighbourhood in Mashhad metropolis, as one of the neighbourhoods with urbanization plan (in which urbanization principles and criteria based on principles of sustainable development are considered). KEYWORDS: Jahedshahr, Neighbourhood, Sustainable Development. |
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Original Research, C5 A STUDY ON INSTANCES OF SUSTAINABILITY IN THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE COLD, WARM AND DRY CLIMATES BUILDINGS Izadi A, Haghani G J Art Arch Stud, 3(1): 29-35, 2014 ABSTRACT: Architecture and urban design in Iran’s central and desert areas, having the most compatibility with its climatic, cultural, religious, social and natural contexts, fully represent the pure original Iranian architecture and urban designing. Such close relationship which is evident between architecture and urban design as a side; and human and nature, as the other side, whose footprints can be traced in every single place of Iran’s architecture and urban design; has the capacity to be inspiring for not only contemporary Iranian architects, but even non-Iranian ones according to its many positive aspects, involving sustainability. Many concepts and qualities proposed on sustainability, sustainable development, sustainable architecture and urban design, among national Iranian and international scientific assemblies, are capable to be studied and recognized in Iran’s rich history of architecture and urban design. By analysing sustainability instances in Iran’s architecture history and Relying on this ancient treasure Pool, this study tries not only to reach solutions for current climatic issues, but also to move toward Iranian architectural identity. KEYWORDS: Warm and Dry climate, Cold Climate, Residential Architecture, Introversion. |
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Original Research, C6 USTAINABLE HOUSING AND FLEXIBILITY PATTERNS IN THE RESIDENTIAL COMPLEXES Bayram Zadeh H, Khan Mohammadi M, Fallah A, Abdi B J Art Arch Stud, 3(1): 36-45, 2014 ABSTRACT: In today’s constructions, the sustainable development is considered as one of the important issues. The sustainable development of housing is attention to the needs of the future generations along with meeting the current housing needs of the society members. Designing the flexible residence is one of the critical points in the goals of the sustainable architecture. Today, with changing the life style and family structure, the needs of individuals for the residential areas is changing. Therefore, the previous house of a family is no longer suitable for its future and the lack of attention to the issue of flexibility will have some problems over time including low lifetime and inappropriate functional yield of the building and environmental problems. With an approach to the Iran’s previous residential architecture and its design style and responsiveness to the performance and the needs of residence, it had created comfort in itself. This responsiveness is investigated in three procedures: adaptability, variability and diversity. In the current buildings, four key factors support the long-term flexibility: 1- depth of building, 2- accessibility of the building, 3- building height, 4- the level of the building’s occupancy that each one plays a role in the form of an effective factor in the flexibility of the building. This study, using a qualitative approach and taking advantage of library research to answer the questions, and owing to the past architecture and today’s valuable solutions, aims to achieve an effective result for the sustainability of the buildings from the physical-functional dimension during the time. KEYWORDS: Residential Complex, Sustainability, Flexibility, Time. |
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Original Research, C7 A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES IN THE ARCHITECTURAL STYLES ASSOCIATED WITH SUSTAINABILITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Nouri M J Art Arch Stud, 3(1): 46-52, 2014 ABSTRACT: The main root of environmental and sustainable architecture movement dates back to the 19th century. Relying on technology and modern tools, despite its tremendous achievements, modernism struck fatal blow to the environment and faced humans with one of the most important problems. Environmental crisis and increasee of human needs and demands of the environment are some of these problems. Considering the enormous and dangerous effects that man has on his environment, sustainability is one of the solutions to the increasingly growing needs.In this world, architects are also looking for new ways to ensure people have a desirable life and since strengths and weaknesses of a building design will affect the world's ecosystem as well, the critical task in this regard will be on charge of the architect. Discussions on topics of sustainable architecture (green architecture), organic architecture (ecologic), indigenous architecture (ecology-oriented), eco-tech architecture that was the context of prosperity and inspiration of the original architects indeed, emphasize on the concept of sustainability. The purpose of this paper is comparison of various architectural styles associated with sustainability and sustainable development and presenting their common characteristics. Data were gathered by documents (library) and by analysis – adaptive approach. The overall results of the study indicate that all these styles have the same concepts and lead to environmental-compatible architecture. KEYWORDS: Design, Architecture Style, Sustainability, Sustainable Development |
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Original Research, C8 SUSTAINABLE LOCAL PLANNING FOR SUPPLYING PARKING SPACE IN RESIDENTIAL APARTMENTS IN ORDER TO BALANCING OF BARRIERS AND PROBLEMS CAUSED BY INCREASING BUILDING DENSITY Moeini M J Art Arch Stud, 3(1): 53-59, 2014 ABSTRACT: It is obvious that in the machine related world, parking space is as important as other spaces in a building, then considering proper space for car parking in residence and activity place are essential. Automobile easy ownership and citizens' interest to use personal vehicles for different reasons increases the importance of this space in buildings. Despite of all planning that have been conducted to make more regulated parking space, especially in residential use in Rasht, related criteria have been violated that leads to marginal park of residents in two sides of streets and alleys that disturb comfortable pedestrians and car movement, or failing to provide parking conditions, dissuaded developers from apartments construction in city that needs compression due to urban population increasing rate and existence of agriculturally valuable lands. This study uses factor analysis method and extraction factor with both density and parking variables to confirm exacerbation of parking space shortage problem by increasing of building density. On the other hand, spatial analysis of noted factor indicates that certain parts of this neighbourhood, such as "Mojtame Golha" which is a complex of several blocks, have acquired an appropriate rank despite of high building density in terms of this factor. Results of this spatial analysis along with other field interpretation of physical, social and cultural conditions provide appropriate strategies in this regard. KEYWORDS: Parking Space, Construction Density, Compact City, Golsar Neighbourhood, Rasht |
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Original Research, C9 THE ROLE OF INTROVERTED ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DESIGN TO REDUCE ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT WITH EMPHASIS ON WARM AND DRY CLIMATE (CASE STUDY: YAZD) Aslani E; Zarereaisabadi M; Ansarisadrabadi A J Art Arch Stud, 3(1): 60-65, 2014 ABSTRACT: In today's world, the increasing population, exceed growth of urbanization and lack of non-renewable resources does not remain nothing more than a way for architects and urban planners to walk towards future developments and sustainable development. According to what mentioned cities in arid areas where natural resources are more limited, further highlights the need for sustainable development. In this study we intend to examine introversion role in energy saving with an emphasis on warm and dry climates from the perspective of sustainable development in two micro and macro levels, the architecture and urban design. With a little exploration in constructive indexes of buildings and cities in dry and warm climates we find that the introversion is the main feature of the architecture and urban design in this climate. If we look at this issue through the lens of sustainable development, finally we have to distinguish two patterns of the central courtyard and compact city model. In this viewpoint first we study the central courtyard pattern in Introverted homes and the compact city model in the city scale of in these regions. The research method in this study is descriptive and analytical so that the approach of review is used in the context of library studies. Finally, we conclude that both models have in common to achieve a reduction in energy consumption that is one of the principles of sustainable development. KEYWORDS: Architecture, Urban Design, Introversion, Reduction Energy Consumption, Sustainable Development, Warm and Dry Climate. |
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Original Research, C10 PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGNING WITH A SUSTAINABLE AND ARCHITECTURAL APPROACH: A CASE STUDY (MALAYER, HAMEDAN) Hajibabaei N, Hajibabaei S, Hajibabaei S J Art Arch Stud, 3(1): 66-71, 2014 ABSTRACT: Nowadays, the excessive use of fossil energy sources, on the one hand, and the environmental pollution caused by its consumption, on the other hand, has become a serious health threat not only in architecture but also in many aspects of human life. Therefore, to reduce the energy waste and environmental pollution in the architecture, the concepts of sustainability and the objectives of sustainable development are briefly utilized. In this paper, we examine the principles of environmental designing with a sustainable and architectural approach in Malayer. Ultimately, we concluded our project with 15 strategies for the environmental designing of Malyer when we reviewed and analysed its climate and environmental conditions. The results obtained from this project can stand for the maximum exploitation of the decontaminated energies such as those of the sun, the wind and the water and the reduction of fossil fuel consumption due to the environmental designing, the better use of the available energies in the nature and the efficient methods of insulation to prevent the energy waste. This paper is of a descriptive-analytical essence; meanwhile, it benefits from the findings of the library and field studies. KEYWORDS: Environmental Designing, Sustainable Architecture, Vernacular Architecture, Renewable Resources, Climate |
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