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Art and architecture as sustainable tools of propaganda: a brief review of the imperial Rome and its influences on the 21st century polity
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Hussaini IU, Elnafaty AS, Wakawa BU, and Umar A.
J. Art Arch. Stud., 13(1): 01-11, 2024; pii:S238315532400001-13
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.54203/jaas.2024.1
ABSTRACT
Art and Architecture have collectively been used as the historical media of communication and preservation of cultures and values for many civilizations. It is argued that art is an expression of creative human skills and imagination which is usually appreciated for its beauty and emotional power. Architecture on the other hand is perceived to be a component of the art ‘you can walk through’ that specifically embodies the science of designing and superintending of buildings and other similar structures. However, Rome as a republic and as an empire had greatly explored the phenomena of art and architecture in a variety of ways and elaborations. The Roman emperors and private citizens alike have used buildings, sculptures, paintings, and other art forms as propaganda tools to advertise achievements and mold public opinions on issues of interest. This study therefore, explores on the implications of these phenomena through ‘textual’ historical review and analysis directed at providing highlights on the significance and power of art and architecture as sustainable factors of propaganda epitomized by the Imperial Rome. Subsequently, the study elucidates on the legacy of its propaganda techniques that has resonated in the 21st century polity with reinforced technological innovations deployed to sustain culture, political power, and economic development. This is evident in the ongoing global developments as typically exemplified by the Gulf States of the Arab world.
Keywords: Art, Architecture, Sustainable Tools, Propaganda, Imperial Rome, 21st Century.
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The effect of the physical characteristics of atriums on the natural ventilation of buildings
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Kaviani S and Zarandi MM.
J. Art Arch. Stud., 13(1): 12-25, 2024; pii:S238315532400002-13
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.54203/jaas.2024.2
ABSTRACT
This study explores the impact of atrium designs on natural ventilation and energy efficiency in buildings, focusing on three distinct types of atriums: vertical atriums promoting stack effects, horizontal atriums facilitating cross ventilation, and atriums with varying glazing areas and materials. Each atrium type was examined through the lens of geometry and size, orientation, material specifications, and internal configuration to determine how these factors influence their effectiveness in enhancing natural ventilation and optimizing energy performance. The methodology adopted a comparative analytical approach, leveraging both theoretical and empirical assessments. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and architectural modeling were utilized to measure airflow patterns, temperature gradients, and ventilation rates across different atrium configurations. This quantitative analysis was complemented by a qualitative assessment of material impacts and spatial arrangements within the atriums. Results indicate that the physical characteristics of an atrium significantly affect its ventilation efficiency and thermal behavior. Vertical atriums, with their tall structures, were found to effectively utilize the stack effect, particularly when combined with high thermal mass materials such as concrete and brick. These materials help stabilize temperature fluctuations, enhancing the natural cooling and ventilation processes. Horizontal atriums, aligned perpendicular to prevailing winds, maximize cross ventilation, which is further optimized by using low thermal mass materials like wood and gypsum that respond quickly to temperature changes. Atriums with extensive glazing areas benefit from advanced glazing materials that manage solar gain and maximize natural light, thus improving overall energy efficiency. This research provides actionable insights into atrium design, emphasizing the importance of tailored architectural strategies to leverage natural environmental forces. It contributes to the field of sustainable architecture by offering a comprehensive framework that can guide the design of atriums to achieve optimal ventilation and energy performance in various climatic conditions.
Keywords: Atrium Design; Natural Ventilation; Energy Efficiency; Sustainable Architecture; Thermal Behavior; Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).
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Study of mystical concepts at Farshchian Cultural Complex, Isfahan, with the semantic view
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Maleki M and Hasanzadeh L.
J. Art Arch. Stud., 13(1): 26-39, 2024; pii:S238315532400003-13
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.54203/jaas.2024.3
ABSTRACT
Architectural works can be viewed in different aspects. But so far in two respects has been paid more attention to these works. First, as one of the Seven Arts as a result of the author's artistic creativity (aesthetics) and the second, from the respect of scientific and technical (the highest degree of objectivity). Entire attention to the two mentioned dimensions prevents us from the rest of important aspects of our architectural work analysis. This paper, based on the study of the role of the meaning component in creation place sense and in direction of answering to the questions related to that: the meaning component in each species, including "existing meanings in human’s mind and "the existing meaning in places", make what levels and degrees, is formed that in this regard, the study of " mystical concepts at cultural complex of Isfahan Farshchian” with the semantic view frame in relation of architecture and the world of mysticism" is intended as the main objective of this research. In this study, with the documentary approach by referring to authentic texts, such as the types of the related books, publications and valid scientific research site and analysis of information, the evidence has been presented which indicates the meanings in the minds of human and places through sensory experiences is received and form perception arising awareness through the five senses and then the feeling is associated with perception and lead to a full understanding and significant perceptions. Based on all performed analyses based on the recognition of semantic signs in construction and examines limits of the dependence of form and content in architecture, this result is obtained that it interpretation of the hidden code in the architecture, results in a sense of place that is done according to individual perceptions. However, efforts to achieve the society to comprehensive and fundamental meaning of a work, despite the fluidity of construction meaning and attention to importance of the works criticism should also be accepted.
Keywords: Fluidity of building semantic, Mentality complementary objectivity, Comprehensive sense, Morphology of architecture work, Relation of the architecture and mysticism
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